Papillary carcinoma thyroid (PTC) is the most common differentiated malignancy of thyroid gland. Depending on the different histopathological patterns, cell types and clinical features different variants of papillary carcinoma thyroid have been described. Knowing the variants of papillary carcinoma thyroid can help in predicting the aggressive biological course and prognosis of the disease. This, in […]
Neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NACT); also called Induction chemotherapy is a treatment option in cancer therapy, in which chemotherapy is given prior to the definitive treatment like surgery or radiotherapy. Neoadjuvant chemotherapy in cancer treatment can reduce the tumor volume, improve organ function prior to definitive treatment, permits more effective and less toxic local therapy. Giving NACT […]
Cochlear implants are electronic prosthetic devices used in adults and children with sensory neural hearing loss, who are not benefited by the use of conventional hearing aids. Unlike hearing aids, which make sounds louder, cochlear implants work by turning sound into electrical signals and then directly stimulate the hearing nerves. Single-sided deafness or asymmetric hearing […]
Sudden hearing loss (SHL) is an emergency clinical condition characterized by a rapid-onset subjective sensation of hearing impairment in one or both ears. When not recognized and managed promptly, sudden hearing loss may result in persistent hearing loss and tinnitus and reduced patient quality of life. The National Institute for Deafness and Communication Disorders (NICDC) […]
Sudden hearing loss (SHL), defined as a rapid-onset subjective sensation of hearing impairment in one or both ears is an emergency in the ear-nose-throat clinical practice. If not recognized and managed promptly, sudden hearing loss may result in persistent hearing loss and tinnitus and reduced patient quality of life. The disease affects 5 to 27 […]
Malignant otitis externa (MOE) is an aggressive and potentially life-threatening infection of the soft tissues of the external ear and its surrounding structures, which quickly spreads to involve periosteum and bone of the skull base. The most common causative organism of malignant otitis externa is Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Though this is not a neoplastic disease, it’s […]
Main modality of treatment for oral cavity squamous cell carcinoma is surgery. Patients with advanced risk factors like margin positivity, perineural invasion, advanced disease, etc need postoperative radiotherapy. Significant advances in terms of oncologic treatment (lasers, robotics) and outcomes have happened in the last three decades. But irrespective of these advancements 5‐year overall survival hasn’t […]
Chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) is a clinical condition characterized by prolonged inflammation (more than 12 weeks) of the nose and paranasal sinuses. Signs and symptoms of sinusitis include headache, swelling of face, facial pain, nasal discharge, dizziness, and breathing difficulties. Sinusitis is caused by allergies, bacterial and viral infections and presence of nasal polyps (growths on […]
Total laryngectomy is a surgical procedure, most commonly done in cancers of the larynx (voice box). In this procedure, the entire voice box is taken off and a permanent hole (tracheostomy/stoma) is created in the neck, through which the patient respires for his entire life. The indications, contraindications, surgical steps of laryngectomy are discussed separately […]
65 year old male presented with non healing ulcer over the pinna of right ear for 5 months. A biopsy from the lesion was done and following is the report. Carcinoma with basaloid features and pigmentation – biopsy right pinna. Immuno staining: P63 – diffuse strong positivity. P40 – diffuse moderate positivity. BerEP4 – negative.
